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| Slot: |
Sarawak Binatang District Council 4 Gallon Water Token |
| Origin/Country: |
Sarawak |
| Design Description: |
Token |
| Item Description: |
Copper ca. 1917-41 KM-Unlisted; Prid-Unlisted; SS-29 Selvaraj Collection |
| Grade: |
PCGS MS 64 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
SARAWAK. Binatang District Council 4 Gallon Water Token, ND (ca. 1917-41). PCGS MS-64 Red.
KM-Unlisted; Prid-Unlisted; SS-29.
Struck at the Royal Mint in London
Provenance: From the Selvaraj Collection.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain Groat (1422-61) |
| Origin/Country: |
Great Britain |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver GROAT (1422-61) G.BRITAIN S-1836 HENRY VI CALAIS S-1836 |
| Grade: |
NGC XF 40 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain Groat (1422-61), Henry VI Calais S-1836. An evenly struck and centered coin with nice original toning and eye appeal.
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| Slot: |
Senegal: French Colony ND-(1920-24) Aluminum Bread Token of 500 Grams |
| Origin/Country: |
SENEGAL |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Aluminum 500G (UNDATED) LEC-23 ALUMINUM BREAD TOKEN Lec-23 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 64 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Senegal: French Colony ND-(1920-24) Aluminum Bread Token of 500 Grams.
La Coste & Cie 500 Gr of Bread Token
Lec-23
This specimen issued by the Boulangerie of La Coste & Cie for 500 grams of Bread following WW1 when coinage was scarce.
NGC MS64 finest and only piece graded by NGC (8/8/2022)
PCGS: 3/64, 2/63 (8/8/2022)
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| Slot: |
Great Britain 1/4 Pence 1860 |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN 1707-1815 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Copper 1/4P 1806 G.britain KM 661 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 65 BN |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain 1/4 Pence NGC MS65BN Nice luster and strike.
NGC: 7/65BN, 2/66BN - 6/65RB, 1/66RB
PCGS: 4/65BN, 1/67BN - 3/65RB, 1/66RB
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| Slot: |
Ireland (1643-1644) "Ormonde" 6 Pence |
| Origin/Country: |
IRELAND 1603-1823 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 6P (1643-44) S-6547 ORMONDE MONEY KM59, S-6547 (2.96g) |
| Grade: |
NGC AU 53 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Ireland (1643-1644) "Ormonde" 6 Pence
KM59, S-6547. 2.96gm. The Great Rebellion, Issues of the Lords Justices.
Dublin Mint
NGC AU53
Obverse description: Crowned C·R (for Charles Rex) within a double circle. Pellet between C and R.
Reverse description: Roman numeral VII (denoting a six pence, or 6d) within a double circle. Short numerals and large D.
Obverse legend: C(AROLUS).R(EX). (''Charles, King'').
Reverse legend: BI (denoting a six pence).
History: This coin was struck by Irish coiners led by James Butler, the Earl of Omonde, which reimbursed the badly needed Irish troop that supported Charles I during the English civil war (1642-1651).
James FitzThomas Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, 12th Earl of Ormond, 5th Earl of Ossory, 1st Marquess of Ormond, 1st Earl of Brecknock KG, PC was an Anglo-Irish statesman and soldier, known as Viscount Thurles from 1619, Earl of Ormond from 1634 to 1642, the Marquess of Ormonde from 1642 to 1661 and the Duke of Ormonde from 1661 onwards. He was appointed commander of the Cavalier forces in Ireland and, from 1641 to 1647, he led the fighting against the Irish Catholic Confederation. Without actually changing sides, he found himself on the joint-Royalist-Confederate side in the fight against the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. After a series of catastrophic defeats in this role, he lived in exile in Europe with King Charles II of England. Upon the restoration of Charles to the throne in 1660, Ormonde became a major figure in English and Irish politics, holding many high government offices, including his elevation to an English dukedom in 1682.
James Butler was the eldest son of Thomas Butler, Viscount Thurles and of Elizabeth, Lady Thurles, daughter of Sir John Poyntz of Iron Acton in Gloucestershire. His paternal grandfather was Walter Butler, 11th Earl of Ormond.
He was born at Clerkenwell, London, 19 October 1610, in the house of his maternal grandfather, Sir John Poyntz
Shortly after his birth, his parents returned to Ireland. The Butlers of Ormonde were an Old English dynasty who had dominated the southeast of Ireland since the Middle Ages
Upon the shipwreck and death of his father in 1619, this 8 year old boy was (by courtesy) styled Viscount Thurles.
The year following that disaster, his mother brought him back to England
Then nine years of age, he was placed at school with a Catholic gentleman at Finchley
via the influence of his Catholic grandfather, the 11th Earl
It was not long before James I of England, anxious that the heir of the Butlers should be brought up a Protestant, placed him at Lambeth, under the care of George Abbot, archbishop of Canterbury.
The Ormonde estates were under sequestration and the young Lord had little for his clothing and expenses
He appears to have been entirely neglected by the Archbishop — “he was not instructed even in humanity, nor so much as taught to understand Latin”
At fifteen years of age, he went to live with his grandfather (then released from prison) at Drury-lane
Unlike almost all his relatives in the Butler dynasty, he was a Protestant
This made his relationship with the rest of his family and dependants somewhat strained, as they suffered from land confiscations and legal discrimination on account of their religion, while he did not
Unusually for a Protestant lord brought up in London, he learned Irish – albeit a partial knowledge of which language, which proved most useful to him in later in life (when he returned to Ireland)
At eighteen he went to Portsmouth with his friend George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham intending to join the expedition for the relief of Rochelle; a project abandoned upon the assassination of the Duke.
He then married his cousin, Lady Elizabeth Preston, only child and heiress of Sir Richard Preston, Earl of Desmond
Charles I gave his consent by letters patent, on 8 September 1629.
At Christmas 1629, they married putting an end to the long-standing quarrel between the families and united their estates
In 1634, on the death of his grandfather, he succeeded to the earldom.
The Great Rebellion
On the outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Ormonde found himself in command of government forces based in Dublin. Most of the country was taken by the Catholic rebels, who included many of Ormonde’s Butler relatives and their followers.
Strangely, Ormonde’s bonds of kinship were not entirely severed.
His wife and children were escorted in safety from Kilkenny to Dublin under the order of the rebel leader Richard Butler, 3rd Viscount Mountgarret, another member of the Butler dynasty
In spring 1642 the Irish Catholics formed their own government, the Catholic Confederation, with its capital at Kilkenny
They began to raise their own regular troops, more organized and capable than the irregular militia of the 1641 rebellion.
Also in early 1642 the king sent in troop reinforcements from England and Scotland.
The Irish Confederate War was underway
Ormonde mounted several expeditions from Dublin in 1642, that cleared the area around Dublin of Confederate forces
He secured control of the area historically known as the Pale
He also re-supplied some outlying garrisons, without serious contest
The Lords Justices, who suspected him because he was related to many of the Confederate leaders, recalled him from command, after he had succeeded in lifting the siege of Drogheda in March 1642
In April he relieved the royalist garrisons at Naas, Athy and Maryborough
On his return to Dublin he won the Battle of Kilrush against a larger force
He received the public thanks of the English Parliament and a monetary reward
In September 1642 was put in command of all Royalist forces in Ireland with a commission direct from the king.
In March 1643, Ormonde ventured his troops to New Ross, deep in the territory of the Catholic Confederation, and won a small but indecisive victory there (Battle of New Ross) before returning to Dublin.
Nevertheless, Ormonde was in a very difficult situation.
The Confederates held two thirds of the island.
The English Civil War, started in September 1642, had removed the prospect of more reinforcements from England
Worse still, the king desired to recall troops from Ireland to fight his cause in England.
In addition the Scots Covenanters, who had landed an army in the northeast of Ireland at Carrickfergus to counter the Catholic rebellion in that part of the country in early 1642, had subsequently put northeast Ireland on the side of the English Parliamentarians against the king; and the relatively strong Protestant presence in and around Derry and Cork City was inclined to side with the Parliamentarians as well, and soon did so.
Isolated in Dublin, with the king seeking ways to minimize his Irish troops, Ormonde therefore agreed to a “cessation” or ceasefire with the Catholics, which began in September 1643, by which the greater part of Ireland was given up into the hands of the Catholic Confederation (leaving only districts in the north, the Dublin Pale, an area around Cork City, and certain smallish garrisons in the possession of Protestant commanders).
This truce was vehemently opposed by the Lords Justices and the Protestant community in general in Ireland
Soon afterwards, in November 1643, by the king’s orders, Ormonde despatched a body of his troops into England to fight on the Royalist side in the Civil War, estimated at 4,000 troops, half of whom were sent from Cork
In November 1643 the king appointed Ormonde as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland — head of the Irish government executive
For the previous two years the occupant of this post had not set foot in Ireland.
Ormonde’s assigned mission was to prevent the king’s Parliamentarian enemies from being reinforced from Ireland
He also had to deliver more troops to fight for the Royalist side in England
He also had instructions to do all in his power to keep the Scottish Covenanter army in the north of Ireland occupied
He was also given the king’s authority to negotiate a Treaty with the Catholic Confederation
This would allow their troops to be redirected against the Parliamentarians.
The Irish Confederacy
Ormonde was faced with a difficult task in reconciling all the different factions in Ireland.
The Old (native) Irish and Catholic Irish of English descent (“Old English”) were represented in Confederate Ireland—essentially an independent Catholic government based in Kilkenny—who wanted to come to terms with King Charles I of England in return for religious toleration and self-government.
But, any concession that Ormonde made to the Confederates weakened his support among English and Scottish Protestants in Ireland.
Ormonde’s negotiations with the Confederates were equally tortuous – even though many of the Confederate leaders were his relatives or friends
In 1644, he assisted Randall Macdonnell, 1st Marquess of Antrim in mounting an Irish Confederate expedition into Scotland. The force, led by Alasdair MacCollawas sent to help the Scottish Royalists and sparked off a civil war in Scotland (1644–45).
This turned out to be the only intervention of Irish Catholic troops in Britain during the Civil Wars
But it set a dangerous precedent and proved that Irish troops could and would fight in Britain.
On 25 August 1645, Edward Somerset, 2nd Marquess of Worcester, acting on behalf of King Charles, signed a treaty in Kilkenny with the Irish Catholic Confederates without first airing the terms of the treaty with the Irish Protestant community.
Irish Protestant opposition turned out to be so intense, that Charles was forced to repudiate the treaty almost immediately out of fear of ceding almost all Irish Protestant support to the other side in the English civil war.
On 28 March 1646, Ormonde, on behalf of the king, concluded another treaty with the Confederates which granted religious concessions and removed various grievances.
However, the Confederates’ General Assembly in Kilkenny rejected the deal, partly due to the influence of the pope’s ambassador (nuncio) Giovanni Battista Rinuccini, who worked to dissuade the Catholics entering into a compromise.
The Confederates called off their truce with Ormonde, and arrested those among their number who had signed the treaty with Ormonde.
Ormonde then judged that he could not hold Dublin against the Confederates. In order to save Protestant Dublin – the bastion of English rule in Ireland – he therefore applied to the English Long Parliament for help and signed a treaty with them on 19 June 1647 giving Dublin into the hands of the Parliamentarians on terms which protected the interests of both royalist Protestants and Roman Catholics who had not actually entered into rebellion.
At the beginning of August 1647, Ormonde handed over Dublin, together with 3,000 royalist troops under his command, to the Parliamentarian commander Michael Jones, who had recently arrived from England with 5,000 Parliamentarian troops
Ormonde in turn sailed for England, remarking of his surrender that he “preferred English rebels to Irish ones”
This new, combined Royalist and Parliamentarian force soon won a major battle against the Catholic Confederates
Known as the Battle of Dungan’s Hill, it took place in Co Meath, in August 1647
The Parliamentarian victory there destroyed the Irish Confederate forces’ Leinster army
It contributed to the collapse of the Confederate cause
It gave confidence to the idea that a Cromwellian campaign in Ireland would be successful
Commander of the Royal Alliance (Royalist & Confederates) in Ireland
Ormonde attended King Charles during August and October 1647 at Hampton Court Palace, but in March 1648, in order to avoid arrest by the Parliament, he joined the Queen and the Prince of Wales at Paris. In September of the same year, the pope’s nuncio having been expelled, and affairs otherwise looking favourable, he returned to Ireland to endeavour to unite all parties for the king.
The Irish Confederates were now much more amenable to compromise
1647 had seen a series of military disasters for them at the hands of English Parliamentarian forces under Jones
They needed help
On 17 January 1649 Ormonde concluded a peace with the rebels on the basis of the free exercise of their religion
Upon the execution of Charles I (30 January 1649) Ormonde proclaimed Charles II as the rightful king
Charles II, although in exile, made Ormonde a Knight of the Garter in September 1649
Ormonde was placed in command of the Irish Confederates’ armies and also English Royalist troops who were landed in Ireland from France
However, despite controlling almost all of Ireland before August 1649, Ormonde was unable to prevent the conquest of Ireland by Cromwell in 1649-50. Ormonde tried to re-take Dublin in August 1649, but was routed at the battle of Rathmines. Subsequently, he tried to halt Cromwell by holding a line of fortified towns across the country
However, the New Model Army took them one after the other, beginning with the Siege of Drogheda in September 1649.
Ormonde lost most of the English and Protestant Royalist troops under his command when they mutinied, and went over to Cromwell in May 1650
This left him with only the Irish Catholic forces, who distrusted him greatly.
Ormonde was ousted from his command in late 1650 and he returned to France in December 1650.
A synod held in at the Augustinian abbey in Jamestown, County Leitrim, repudiated the Duke and excommunicated his followers.
In Cromwell’s Act of Settlement 1652, all of Ormonde’s lands in Ireland were confiscated and he was excepted from the pardon given to those Royalists who had surrendered by that date.
Ormonde, though desperately short of money, was in constant attendance on Charles II and the Queen Mother in Paris, and accompanied the former to Aix and Cologne when expelled from France by the terms of Mazarin’s treaty with Cromwell in 1655.
In April 1656 Ormonde was one of two signatories who agreed the Treaty of Brussels, securing an alliance for the Royalists with the Spanish court.
In 1658, he went disguised, and at great risk, on a secret mission into England to gain trustworthy intelligence as to the chances of an uprising.
He attended the king at Fuenterrabia in 1659, and had an interview with Mazarin and was actively engaged in the secret transactions immediately preceding the Restoration.
n 4 November 1661, he was once more appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and busily engaged in the work of settling that country. The main problem was the land question, and the Act of Explanation was passed through the Irish parliament by Ormonde, on 23 December 1665.
He vehemently opposed the Importation Act 1667 prohibiting the importation of Irish cattle
He retaliated by prohibiting the import into Ireland of Scottish commodities, and obtained leave to trade with foreign countries
He encouraged Irish manufactures and learning – the Irish College of Physicians was incorporated under him
In his estates in Carrick-on-Suir in Co Tipperary, he was responsible for establishing the woollen industry in the town in 1670
He had great influence over the appointment of judges: while he naturally wished to appoint to the Bench men of legal ability, a record of loyalty to the Crown was also generally required.
He was prepared to appoint judges of Gaelic descent, like James Donnellan
He also appointed some of ‘known Roman Catholic’ leanings
Ormonde had ever loved, he loved to the end. Himself a merciful man, he encouraged the Irish judges to show a similar spirit of mercy; as he remarked, a man who has been reprieved can later be hanged, but a man who has been hanged can never be reprieved.
In general the judges followed his example and, by the standards of the age, were merciful enough.
Ormonde soon became the mark for attack from all that was worst in the court of Charles II
Buckingham especially did his utmost to undermine his influence.
Ormonde’s almost irresponsible government of Ireland during troubled times was open to criticism.
He had billeted soldiers on civilians, and had executed martial law.
He was threatened by Buckingham with impeachment.
In March 1669, Ormonde was removed from the government of Ireland and from the committee for Irish affairs.
He made no complaint, insisted that his sons and others over whom he had influence should retain their posts
He continued to fulfil the duties of his other offices
He elected Chancellor of the University of Oxford on 4 August 1669
In 1670, an extraordinary attempt was made to assassinate the duke by a ruffian and adventurer named Thomas Blood, already notorious for an unsuccessful plot to surprise Dublin Castle in 1663, and later for stealing the royal crown from the Tower.
Ormonde was attacked by while driving up St James’s Street, London on the night of 6 December 1670
He was dragged out of his coach, and taken on horseback along Piccadilly with the intention of hanging him at Tyburn
Ormonde, however, succeeded in overcoming the horseman to whom he was bound, and escaped
The outrage, it was suspected, had been instigated by Buckingham, who was openly accused of the crime by Lord Ossory, Ormonde’s son, in the king’s presence, and threatened by him with instant death if any violence should happen to his father.
In 1671 Ormonde successfully opposed Richard Talbot’s attempt to upset the Act of Settlement 1662
In 1673, he again visited Ireland, returned to London in 1675 to give advice to Charles on affairs in parliament
In 1677, Ormonde was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland for the third time
On his arrival in Ireland he occupied himself in placing the revenue and the army upon a proper footing.
Upon the outbreak of the disturbances caused by the Popish Plot (1678) in England, Ormonde at once took steps towards rendering the Roman Catholics, who were in the proportion of 15 to 1, powerless
The ‘mildness and moderation of his measures’ served as the ground of an attack upon him in England led by Shaftesbury, from which he was defended with great spirit by his own son Lord Ossory.
While wary of defending Oliver Plunkett publicly, in private he denounced the obvious falsity of the charges against him – of the informers who claimed Plunkett had hired them to kill the King he wrote that “no schoolboy would have trusted them to rob an orchard”.
On 29 November 1682, an English dukedom was conferred upon him, and in June 1684 he returned to Ireland; but he was recalled in October in consequence of fresh intrigues. Before he could give up his government to Rochester, Charles II died; and Ormonde’s last act as Lord Lieutenant was to proclaim James II in Dublin.
Ormonde also served as the 6th Chancellor of Trinity College, Dublin between 1645 and 1688
although he was in exile for the first fifteen years of his tenure
Subsequently Ormonde lived in retirement at Cornbury in Oxfordshire, a house lent to him by Lord Clarendon
Ormonde also refused the king (James II) his support in the question of the Indulgence
Unusually, James refused to take away his offices, and continued to hold him in respect and favour to the last.
Despite his long service to Ireland he admitted that he had no wish to spend his last years there.
Ormonde died on 21 July 1688 at Kingston Lacy, Dorset
With him disappeared (arguably) the greatest and grandest figure of the times
Ormonde was buried in Westminster Abbey on 1 August 1688.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain 6 Pence 1697 |
| Origin/Country: |
ENGLAND 1603-1707 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 6P 1697 England 3RD BUST - LARGE CROWNS BULL-1233 ESC-1566 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 63 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain 6 Pence 1697 NGC MS63. Slightly weak on the central reverse, as often seen.
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| Slot: |
Ireland 1805 George III Bank Token 10 Pence |
| Origin/Country: |
IRELAND 1603-1823 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 10P 1805 BANK OF TOKEN COINAGE KM Tn3 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 63 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Ireland George III Bank Token of 10 Pence 1805 MS63 NGC, KM-Tn3. An illustrious example with golden highlights upon gray surfaces coupled with outstanding underlying luster. Nicer in-hand.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain Shilling 1773 SSC |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN 1707-1815 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 1S 1723 SSC G.britain 1ST BUST ESC-1176 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 64 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain Shilling 1723 SSC, NGC MS64 and could grade 65. Shock white with a good number of die polishing lines and a solid strike.
ESC-1176
NGC: 31/64, 5/65, 2/66
PCGS: 20/64, 3/64+, 5/65
Photos to come soon.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain Half Crown 1689 |
| Origin/Country: |
ENGLAND 1603-1707 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 1/2C 1689 England BULL-826 ESC-503 WILLIAM & MARY ESC-503 |
| Grade: |
NGC VF 30 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain Half Crown 1689 ESC-503 NGC VF30. Somewhat dark original toning with nice even strike. Three noticeable scratches to the left of the shield on the reverse. Nice portraits of William & Mary.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain 2 Pence (Maundy) 1897 |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN - MAUNDY |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 2P 1897 G.britain MAUNDY KM776 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 68 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain 2 Pence (Maundy) 1897 NGC MS68
NGC 2/68 None higher.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain 6 Pence 1817 |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN 1816-1901 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 6P 1817 G.britain KM 665 |
| Grade: |
PCGS MS 64 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain 6 Pence 1817 PCGS MS64. Ex. John J. Pittman Collection
Medium natural toning on a well-struck coin.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain 6 Pence 1820 |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN 1816-1901 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 6P 1820 G.britain KM 665 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 63 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain 6 Pence 1820, NGC MS63 with nice eye appeal.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain Shilling 1820 |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN 1816-1901 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 1S 1820 G.britain KM 666 |
| Grade: |
PCGS MS 64 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain Shilling 1820, PCGS MS64. A beautiful example with attractive toning.
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| Slot: |
Great Britain 1/4 Pence 1890 |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN 1816-1901 |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Copper 1/4P 1890 G.britain KM 753 |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 65 BN |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain 1/4 Pence 1890, NGC MS65BN. A nice solid example.
(Note to self: Check for C by the lighthouse)
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| Slot: |
Great Britain 1 Pence (Maundy) 1904 |
| Origin/Country: |
GREAT BRITAIN - MAUNDY |
| Design Description: |
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| Item Description: |
Silver 1P 1904 G.britain MAUNDY |
| Grade: |
NGC MS 65 |
| Research: |
View Coin |
Owner Comments
Great Britain 1 Pence (Maundy) 1904 NGC MS65 (From original set)
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