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Albert Einstein, 1879-1955. Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist, widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest and most influential physicists of all time. Einstein is best known for developing the theory of relativity, but he also made important contributions to the development of the theory of quantum mechanics. Relativity and quantum mechanics are together the two pillars of modern physics. His mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which arises from relativity theory, has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation". Einstein received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.
His image, equations and the exact speed of light in a vacuum (c = 299792458 m/s) can be found on the coins of numerous countries, including Belgium, Benin, Canada, China, Congo, Cook Islands, France, Germany, Ghana, Israel, Ireland, Liberia, Niue, N. Marianas, Papua New Guinea, San Marino, Switzerland and Ukraine.